Maanei hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka papa inoa o nā ʻoihana kūkulu kiʻekiʻe ma ka honua. Loaʻa ka loaʻa kālā o ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale nui loa ma ka honua he $206 biliona a ukali ʻia e nā hui kūkulu hale ʻelua me ka loaʻa kālā he $2 biliona.
Ka papa inoa o nā hui kūkulu hale kiʻekiʻe ma ka honua
Eia ka papa inoa o nā ʻoihana kūkulu kiʻekiʻe ma ka honua i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma muli o ka loaʻa kālā.
1. ʻEnekinia Mokuʻāina ʻo Kina
ʻO nā hui kūkulu hale nui loa, i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka makahiki 1982, ʻo China State Construction Engineering Corporation (ma hope aku ʻo "China State Construction") i kēia manawa he hui hoʻopukapuka honua a kūkulu hale e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻoihana a me ka hana ma ka mākeke.
Ke hana nei ʻo China State Construction i nā hana hoʻokele ʻoihana ma o kāna hui aupuni - ʻo China State Construction Engineering Corporation Ltd. (stock code 601668.SH), a he ʻehiku mau hui i helu ʻia a ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 mau lālā paʻa lua.
- Huli: $206 Billion
- Hoʻokumuʻia ma 1982
E like me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka loaʻa kālā he ʻumi i kēlā me kēia ʻumikūmālua makahiki ma ka awelika, ʻike ʻo China State Construction i kāna waiwai aelike hou i RMB2.63 trillion ma 2018, a helu ʻia ʻo 23rd ma Fortune Global 500 a me 44th Brand Waiwai Global 500 2018. Ua helu ʻia e S&P, Moody's. a me Fitch ma 2018, ka helu hōʻaiʻē kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka ʻoihana kūkulu honua.
ʻO ka hui kekahi o nā hui kūkulu hale nui loa ma ka honua. Ke hana nei ʻo China State Construction i nā ʻoihana ma mua o 100 mau ʻāina a me nā wahi o ka honua, e uhi ana
- Hoʻokomo kālā a hoʻomohala (waiwai paʻa, kālā hana a me ka hana),
- ʻEnekinia kūkulu hale (ka hale a me ka ʻenehana) a me ka nānā ʻana a me
- Hoʻolālā (kūkulu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ikehu ka mālama ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni, a me ka e-commerce).
Ma Kina, ua kūkulu ʻo China State Construction i nā ʻoihana kūkulu hale nui loa ma ka honua ma mua o 90% o nā skyscrapers ma luna o 300m, ʻekolu hapaha o nā kahua mokulele nui, ʻekolu hapaha o nā kahua hoʻokele ukali, hoʻokahi hapakolu o nā tunnels pono kūlanakauhale a me ka hapalua o ka nuklea. mana nā mea kanu, a hoʻokahi o kēlā me kēia 25 Kina e noho ana ma ka hale i kūkulu ʻia e China State Construction.
2. Hui Hana Kaaahi Kina
ʻO China Railway Group Limited (ʻike ʻia ʻo CREC) kahi hui kūkulu alakaʻi honua me ka mōʻaukala ʻoi aku ma mua o 120 mau makahiki. ʻO China Railway Engineering kekahi o nā ʻoihana kūkulu hale nui loa ma ka honua.
Ma ke ʻano he mea nui loa o ka honua a me nā mea hana ʻenekinia, lawe ʻo CREC i ke kūlana alakaʻi i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ʻoihana, ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana ʻenehana, ka noiʻi ʻepekema a me ke kūkākūkā ʻana, ka hoʻomohala waiwai, hoʻomohala waiwai, hilinaʻi kālā, kālepa a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.
Ma ka hopena o 2018, ua loaʻa iā CREC ka huina waiwai o RMB 942.51 biliona a me ka waiwai waiwai o RMB 221.98 biliona. ʻO ka waiwai o ka ʻaelike i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma 2018 he RMB 1,556.9 biliona, a ʻo ka loaʻa kālā o ka hui ʻo RMB 740.38 biliona.
- Huli: $123 Billion
- ʻO 90% o nā kaʻaahi uila uila o Kina
- Loaʻa: 1894
Ua helu ka Hui i ka 56th ma waena o "Fortune Global 500" ma 2018, ʻo ka 13th mau makahiki i helu ʻia, ʻoiai ma ka home ua helu ʻo ia i ka 13th ma waena o Top 500 Chinese Enterprises.
I loko o nā makahiki he ʻumi, ua kūkulu ka Hui i ʻoi aku ma mua o 2/3 o ka ʻoihana kaʻaahi aupuni o Kina, 90% o nā kaʻaahi electrified o Kina, 1/8 o nā ala ākea ākea a me 3/5 o ka ʻōnaehana kaʻa kaʻa kūlanakauhale.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka mōʻaukala o CREC i ka makahiki 1894, i ka wā i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ʻo China Shanhaiguan Manufactory (ʻo ia ka lālā o CREC) e hana i nā ala kaʻaahi a me nā alahaka metala no Peking-Zhangjiakou Railway, ka papahana kaʻaahi mua i hoʻolālā ʻia a kūkulu ʻia e Kina.
3. Hana Kaaahi Kina
Ua hoʻokumu wale ʻia ʻo China Railway Construction Corporation Limited ("CRCC") e China Railway Construction Corporation ma ka lā 5 o Nowemapa, 2007 ma Beijing, a he hui kūkulu hale nui ʻo ia ma lalo o ka hoʻokele ʻana o ka State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission o ka Mokuʻāina. Ahaolelo o Kina (SASAC).
Ma Malaki 10th a me 13th, 2008, CRCC i helu ʻia ma Shanghai (SH, 601186) a me Hong Kong (HK, 1186) i kēlā me kēia, me kahi kapikala i hoʻopaʻa ʻia he RMB 13.58 biliona. ʻO 3 ʻoihana kūkulu hale nui loa ma ka honua e ka Revenue.
- Huli: $120 Billion
- Kūkuluʻia: 2007
ʻO CRCC, kekahi o ka honua ikaika loa a hui pū ʻia i hui pū ʻia, ka 54th ma waena o ka Fortune Global 500 ma 2020, a ʻo ka 14th ma waena o Kina 500 i 2020, a me ka 3rd ma waena o ka ENR's Top 250 Global Contractors ma 2020, ʻo ia hoʻi. ʻO kekahi o nā mea hana ʻenehana nui loa ma Kina.
ʻO ka hui ke kolu ma ka papa inoa o nā hui kūkulu hale nui loa ma ka honua. Hoʻopili ka ʻoihana o CRCC i ka papahana
- aelike,
- Kūkākūkā hoʻolālā noiʻi,
- ʻOihana hana,
- Hooulu waiwai,
- hoʻoholo,
- Kalepa waiwai a
- Nā lako a me nā hana kapikala.
Ua hoʻomohala nui ʻo CRCC mai ka ʻaelike kūkulu hale i kahi kaulahao ʻenehana piha a piha o ka noiʻi ʻepekema, hoʻolālā, anaʻi, hoʻolālā, kūkulu, kiaʻi, mālama a me ka hana, etc.
ʻO ke kaulahao ʻenehana piha e hiki ai iā CRCC ke hāʻawi i kāna mau mea kūʻai aku i nā lawelawe hoʻohui hoʻokahi. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻokumu ʻo CRCC i kona kūlana alakaʻi i ka hoʻolālā papahana a me nā kahua kūkulu i nā ala kaʻa pālahalaha, nā ala kaʻa kiʻekiʻe, nā alaloa, nā alahaka, nā tunnels a me nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa kūlanakauhale.
I loko o nā makahiki he 60 i hala iho nei, ua hoʻoili ka hui i nā kuʻuna maikaʻi a me ke ʻano hana o nā hui kaʻaahi: e hoʻokō koke i nā ʻōlelo hoʻokele, wiwo ʻole i ka hana hou a me ka paʻa ʻole.
Aia kekahi ʻano moʻomeheu koʻikoʻi ma CRCC me ka "ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ka hana hou no ka manawa pau ʻole, ka maikaʻi a me ke ʻano i ka manawa hoʻokahi" e like me kāna mau kumu waiwai i loaʻa i ka ʻoihana ka hui pū ʻana, ka hoʻokō a me ka maikaʻi o ka hakakā. Ke neʻe nei ʻo CRCC i ka pahuhopu o "ke alakaʻi ʻoihana kūkulu hale o Kina, ka hui hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū nui o ka honua".
4. Hui Hana Pākīpika
ʻO ka Pacific Construction Group (PCG) kahi hale hana hana piha i loko o ka puʻuwai o Orange County e hāʻawi ana. He 4 ka hui ma ka papa inoa o nā hui kūkulu hale nui loa ma ka honua.
- KUKULU KALEPA,
- HOOLAHA KUKULU, a
- NA HANA KUKULU mua i ka Hale Kuai o Kaleponi Hema.
ʻO ka ʻoihana ʻoihana ʻo Pacific Construction Group he ʻelua mau hoa hana e lawe mai i kahi hohonu hohonu o ka ʻike i ka hui. ʻO ka hui ʻo 4th ka papa inoa o nā ʻoihana kūkulu nui loa ma ka honua.
Ua hana pū ʻo Mark Bundy lāua ʻo Doug MacGinnis i ka ʻoihana waiwai a me ke kūkulu hale mai 1983 me 55 mau makahiki o ka ʻike hui. Ua mālama lākou i ke kūkulu ʻana ma luna o $300 miliona a me 6.5 miliona kapuaʻi square o ke kūkulu ʻoihana hou.
- Huli: $98 Billion
ʻO kēia hohonu o ka ʻike e hiki ai iā PCG ke lawelawe i kāna mau mea kūʻai aku ma nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, mai ka hiki ʻana o ka papahana a me ka ʻike pūnaewele ma o ke kaʻina hana hana kī.
Hāʻawi ka ʻokoʻa o nā talena a me nā lawelawe o PCG i ke ala e hoʻokō pono ai i nā pono hana kūikawā o kēlā me kēia mea kūʻai. ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻohui pū i kahi hui o nā lawelawe e hoʻopōkole i ka manawa hoʻomohala a hana i ka hoʻohana maikaʻi loa i ka waiwai.
ʻO ka hopena i makemake ʻia e loaʻa i kā mākou mea kūʻai aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke poʻo poʻo, ʻoi aku ka hauʻoli a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mālama kālā ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kaʻina hana hoʻohui.
5. Hana ʻia ʻo Kina
ʻO China Communications Construction Company Limited ("CCCC" a i ʻole ka "Company"), i hoʻokumu ʻia a hoʻokumu ʻia e China Communications Construction Group ("CCCG"), ua hoʻohui ʻia ma 8 ʻOkakopa 2006. Ua helu ʻia kāna mau ʻāpana H ma ka Papa Nui o Hong Kong Stock. Hoʻololi me ka helu kumu kūʻai o 1800.HK ma 15 Kekemapa 2006.
ʻO ka Hui (me kāna mau lālā a pau koe wale nō kahi e koi ʻia ai ka ʻike) ʻo ia ka hui hoʻokele mokuʻāina nui mua i komo i ka mākeke kapikala o waho.
Ma ka 31 Kekemapa 2009, he 112,719 ka CCCC limahana a me ka huina waiwai o RMB267,900 miliona (e like me ka PRC GAAP). Ma waena o nā ʻoihana koʻikoʻi he 127 i hoʻokele ʻia e SASAC, ua helu ʻo CCCC i ka No.12 ma ka loaʻa kālā a me ka No.14 ma e pono ai no ka makahiki.
- Huli: $95 Billion
ʻO ka ʻoihana a me kāna mau lālā (ʻo ka hui pū ʻana, ʻo ka "Group") ke hana nui nei i ka hoʻolālā ʻana a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā ʻoihana halihali, dredging a me nā ʻoihana hana mīkini kaumaha. Hoʻopili ia i nā ʻano ʻoihana e pili ana: ke awa, ka pahu, ke alanui, ke alahaka, ke kaʻaahi, ka tunnel, ka hoʻolālā a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hana kīwila, ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ke kapikala a me ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana, ka pahu pahu, nā mīkini kai kaumaha, ka hale kila nui a me ka hana ʻana i nā mīkini alanui, a me ka hana ʻaelike hana honua. , lawe mai a lawe aku i nā lawelawe kālepa.
ʻO ia ka ʻoihana kūkulu awa nui loa a me ka ʻoihana hoʻolālā ma Kina, kahi hui alakaʻi i ke kūkulu ʻana i ke alanui a me ke alahaka a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana, kahi ʻoihana kūkulu kaʻaahi alakaʻi, ʻo ka hui dredging nui loa ma Kina a me ka lua o ka hui dredging nui loa (ma ke ʻano o ka dredging capacity) i ka honua.
ʻO ka Hui ka mea hana pahu crane nui loa ma ka honua. Loaʻa i ka Hui i kēia manawa he 34 mau lālā paʻa a mālama ʻia paha. ʻO ia kekahi ʻoihana kūkulu hale maikaʻi loa ma ka honua.
6. Ka Hui Hana Hana Mana o Kina
Ua hoʻokumuʻia ka Power Construction Corporation o Kina (POWERCHINA) i ka mahinaʻo Kepakemapa 2011. Hāʻawiʻo POWERCHINA i ka piha a me ka piha o nā lawelawe mai ka hoʻolālāʻana, ka hoʻokolokoloʻana, ka hoʻolālāʻana, ka kūkākūkāʻana, nā hana kīwila a hiki i ka M&E hoʻokomo a me nā lawelawe hana ma nā kahua o ka hydropower, thermal power. , ikehu hou a me ka hana.
Hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻoihana i ka waiwai paʻa, hoʻopukapuka kālā, kālā, a me nā lawelawe O&M. ʻO ka hihiʻo o POWERCHINA e lilo i ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe o ka honua i ka ikehu hou a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai hydropower, kahi mea pāʻani koʻikoʻi i ka ʻoihana ʻoihana, a me ka ikaika hoʻoikaika i ka mana o Kina a ka wai nā ʻoihana conservancy, a me kahi mea nui i komo i ka hoʻomohala waiwai a me nā hana.
- Huli: $67 Billion
Haʻaheo ʻo POWERCHINA i nā lawelawe EPC alakaʻi honua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hydropower, ka hana wai, ka mana wela, ka ikehu hou, a me ka hoʻoili ʻana a me ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā papahana, ma kahi o nā mea i hoʻokō ʻia ma nā kahua o ka ʻoihana, nā mea hana hana, nā waiwai a me nā hoʻopukapuka.
Loaʻa iā POWERCHINA ka mana hana honua, me ka mana makahiki o 300 miliona m3 o ka honua a me ka ʻoki ʻana i ka pōhaku, 30 miliona m3 o ka hoʻokomo ʻana, 15,000 MW o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā hui turbine-generator, 1-miliona-toni o nā hana metala, 5 -miliona m3 o ke kahua grouting a me 540,000 m3 o ke kukulu ana i na paia impervious.
Loaʻa iā POWERCHINA ka ʻenehana hou i ka ʻenekinia dam a me ke kūkulu ʻana, ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā ʻāpana turbine-generator, ka hoʻolālā kumu, ka hoʻokolokolo a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā lua lalo nui, hoʻokolokolo, ʻenekinia a me ka mālama ʻana i nā pali kiʻekiʻe / pōhaku, dredging a hydraulic. hoʻopiha i nā hana, ke kūkulu ʻana i nā ala holo i nā mokulele, ka hoʻolālā ʻana a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mea kanu wela a me ka wai, ka hoʻolālā a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā pahu mana, a me nā mea pili a me nā mīkini hydraulic.
Loaʻa iā POWERCHINA ka mana papa mua o ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana hou i ka hydropower, ka mana wela, a me ka hoʻoili mana a me ka hoʻololi. Ma ka hopena o Ianuali 2016, ua loaʻa iā POWERCHINA ka waiwai o USD 77.1 biliona a me nā limahana 210,000. ʻO ia ke kūlana mua ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa ma ke kahua o ka hana mana, a ʻo ia ka ʻoihana ʻenehana mana nui loa o ka honua.
7. Hana ʻia ʻo Vinci
Hana ʻia ʻo VINCI, he mea pāʻani honua a alakaʻi i ka hale kūkulu ʻEulopa a me ka hui ʻenekinia kīwila, hoʻohana ʻoi aku ma mua o 72,000 poʻe a aia nā hui 800 e hana ana ma nā ʻāina ʻelima. Ma waena o ka papa inoa o nā hui kūkulu hale nui loa ma ka honua.
- Huli: $55 Billion
Hoʻolālā a kūkulu ʻo ia i nā hale a me nā ʻoihana e hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia e kū nei i kēia ao - ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka kaiaola, ka ulu ʻana o ka heluna kanaka a me ke koi no ka hale, ka neʻe ʻana, ke komo ʻana i ka mālama olakino, ka wai a me ka hoʻonaʻauao, a me nā keʻena leʻaleʻa hou a me nā wahi hana.
Mālama ʻo VINCI Construction i kona ʻike, hoʻokele hou a me ka hui pū ʻana e kākoʻo i kāna mea kūʻai aku i kahi honua loli. ʻO 7 ka hui ma ka papa inoa o nā hui kūkulu hale nui loa ma ka honua.
8. Hui Hana ACS
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo ACS Construction Group ma mua o 20 mau makahiki i hala e wāwahi i nā palena a kūkulu i ka maikaʻi. Hana ka ʻoihana i kēia ma o ka lilo ʻana i ʻoihana kanaka-mua. Hoʻohana pololei ʻia ka hapa nui o ka hui e ka ʻoihana.
- Huli: $44 Billion
Hāʻawi ʻo ACS Construction i kahi hoʻolālā akamai loa a kūkulu i ka hui no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale, nā hale kūʻai a me nā ʻāpana ʻenehana ma UK. He kū hoʻokahi ʻo ACS Construction Group no ka mea hoʻohana pololei ʻo 80% o ka limahana. Aia ka hui ma waena o nā hui kūkulu hale kiʻekiʻe 10 ma ka Honua.
9. Puka
Ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi kuleana a kūpaʻa i ka hana hoʻomau, ʻike ʻo Bouygues Construction i ka hana hou ma ke ʻano he kumu nui o ka waiwai i hoʻohui ʻia: ʻo ia ka "hana hou" e pōmaikaʻi ana i kāna mea kūʻai aku i ka manawa like me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kāna huahana a me nā kūlana hana o kāna mau limahana 58 149.
- Huli: $43 Billion
I ka makahiki 2019, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Bouygues Construction i ke kūʻai aku o € 13.4 biliona. Ma waena o ka papa inoa o nā hui kūkulu hale nui loa ma ka honua.
Mai nā lā mua loa o ka hui ʻo Bouygues, ua ulu ʻo Bouygues Construction ma o kahi lōʻihi o nā hana hou, ma ka home ma Palani a ma nā wahi honua he nui. ʻO kona hiki ke hoʻohana i kona ʻike no ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā luʻina koʻikoʻi nui e wehewehe i ka ʻike o kahi hui i kū ʻole.
10. ʻOihana Hale ʻo Daiwa
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Daiwa House Industry ma 1955 ma ke kumu o kahi misionari hui e hāʻawi i ka "industrialization of construction." ʻO ka huahana mua i kūkulu ʻia ʻo ka Pipe House. Ua ukali ʻia e ka Midget House, ma waena o nā huahana hou, e wehe ana i ke ala i ka hale hana mua o Iapana.
Mai ia manawa, ua hoʻonui ka Hui ma kahi ākea o nā hana, me nā hale hoʻokahi-ʻohana, kāna ʻoihana koʻikoʻi, hale hoʻolimalima, hale hoʻolimalima, nā hale kūʻai, a me nā hale hoʻohana maʻamau.
- Huli: $40 Billion
Ua hoʻolako aku ʻo Daiwa House Industry i kēia manawa ma mua o 1.6 miliona mau hale noho (hale ʻohana hoʻokahi, hale hoʻolimalima, a me nā condominiums), ma luna o 39,000 mau hale kūʻai, a me 6,000-me nā hale mālama olakino a me nā kahu hānai.
I loko o kēia manawa, ua hoʻomanaʻo mau mākou i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka huahana a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lawelawe e pono ai a lawe mai i ka hauʻoli i kā mākou mea kūʻai. Ma ka lilo ʻana i ʻoihana pono i ke kaiāulu, ua ulu mākou i ka ʻoihana ʻoihana nui e kū nei mākou i kēia lā.
I kēia lā, ma ke ʻano he hui e hana pū ana i ka waiwai no kēlā me kēia kanaka, nā kaiāulu a me nā nohona o nā kānaka, pono mākou e hoʻomohala i kumu ikaika no ka ulu paʻa a hoʻomau i ka pane ʻana i nā pono loli mau o ke kaiāulu.
I Iapana a me nā ʻāina a me nā ʻāina a puni ka honua, e like me ka USA a me nā ʻāina ʻo ASEAN, ua hoʻomaka mākou e kau i nā kumu e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana e pili ana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā kaiāulu kūloko.
No laila ʻo kēia ka papa inoa o nā ʻoihana kūkulu hale kiʻekiʻe 10 ma ka honua.
ʻO ka hui kūkulu hale ʻo Jaipur kekahi o nā ʻoihana ʻoihana e ulu wikiwiki a mahalo nui ʻia ma India. Pono mākou e akamai i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā papahana hale nui a lehulehu a me nā ʻoihana. Hāʻawi mākou i nā hopena turnkey no ka noho ʻana, kālepa, hoʻokipa, hoʻolālā ʻāina, hoʻolālā kiʻi.